School of Life - Philosophy PHILOSOPHY – Nietzsche PHILOSOPHY – Epicurus PHILOSOPHY – The Stoics PHILOSOPHY – Heidegger PHILOSOPHY – Sartre PHILOSOPHY – Aristotle PHILOSOPHY – Plato PHILOSOPHY – La Rochefoucauld PHILOSOPHY – Augustine PHILOSOPHY – Ludwig Wittgenstein PHILOSOPHY – Soren Kierkegaard PHILOSOPHY – Baruch Spinoza PHILOSOPHY – Albert Camus PHILOSOPHY – Michel Foucault PHILOSOPHY – René Descartes PHILOSOPHY – Schopenhauer NIETZSCHE ON: The Superman SARTRE ON: Bad Faith PHILOSOPHY – Hegel PHILOSOPHY – Montaigne PHILOSOPHY: Immanuel Kant Burke on: The Sublime PLATO ON: The Forms PLATO ON: The Allegory of the Cave PHILOSOPHY – Thomas Aquinas Crash Course - Philosophy What is Philosophy?: Crash Course Philosophy #1 How to Argue – Philosophical Reasoning: Crash Course Philosophy #2 How to Argue – Induction & Abduction: Crash Course Philosophy #3 Leonardo DiCaprio & The Nature of Reality: Crash Course Philosophy #4 Cartesian Skepticism – Neo, Meet Rene: Crash Course Philosophy #5 Locke, Berkeley, & Empiricism: Crash Course Philosophy #6 The Meaning of Knowledge: Crash Course Philosophy #7 Karl Popper, Science, and Pseudoscience: Crash Course Philosophy #8 Anselm and the Argument for God: Crash Course Philosophy #9 Aquinas and the Cosmological Arguments: Crash Course Philosophy #10 Intelligent Design: Crash Course Philosophy #11 What is God Like?: Crash Course Philosophy #12 The Problem of Evil: Crash Course Philosophy #13 Anti-Vaxxers, Conspiracy Theories & Epistemic Responsibility: Crash Course Philosophy #14 Indiana Jones & Pascal’s Wager: Crash Course Philosophy #15 Existentialism: Crash Course Philosophy #16 Perspectives on Death: Crash Course Philosophy #17 Batman & Identity: Crash Course Philosophy #18 Personal Identity: Crash Course Philosophy #19 Arguments Against Personal Identity: Crash Course Philosophy #20 Personhood: Crash Course Philosophy #21 Where Does Your Mind Reside?: Crash Course Philosophy #22 Artificial Intelligence & Personhood: Crash Course Philosophy #23 Determinism vs Free Will: Crash Course Philosophy #24 Compatibilism: Crash Course Philosophy #25 Language & Meaning: Crash Course Philosophy #26 Netflix & Chill: Crash Course Philosophy #27 How Words Can Harm: Crash Course Philosophy #28 Nonexistent Objects & Imaginary Worlds: Crash Course Philosophy #29 Aesthetic Appreciation: Crash Course Philosophy #30 Aesthetics: Crash Course Philosophy #31 Metaethics: Crash Course Philosophy #32 Divine Command Theory: Crash Course Philosophy #33 Natural Law Theory: Crash Course Philosophy #34 Kant & Categorical Imperatives: Crash Course Philosophy #35 Utilitarianism: Crash Course Philosophy #36 Contractarianism: Crash Course Philosophy #37 Aristotle & Virtue Theory: Crash Course Philosophy #38 Leonardo DiCaprio & The Nature of Reality: Crash Course Philosophy #4 Cartesian Skepticism – Neo, Meet Rene: Crash Course Philosophy #5 Aquinas and the Cosmological Arguments: Crash Course Philosophy #10 Cartesian Skepticism – Neo, Meet Rene: Crash Course Philosophy #5 Wisecrack What is Real? (Plato’s Allegory of the Cave) – 8-Bit Philosophy Why Do We ❤️ SERIAL KILLERS!? – 8-Bit Philosophy Is It WRONG If You Don’t Vote? (Trump vs. Hillary) – 8-Bit Philosophy Does Political Correctness WORK? – 8-Bit Philosophy Will Drugs Make You Super-Human? (Adderall, Ritalin & More) – 8-Bit Philosophy Is Trump REALLY a Fascist? – 8-Bit Philosophy Is Tinder KILLING Love? – 8-Bit Philosophy Will Candy Crush Set You Free? – 8-Bit Philosophy PLATO ON: The Allegory of the Cave Is Trump the END of Politics? – 8-Bit Philosophy Do We Crave Fascism? (Freud & Psychoanalysis) – 8-Bit Philosophy Get Away With Anything? (Plato + Zelda) – 8-Bit Philosophy Does SCIENCE = TRUTH? (Nietzsche + Mega Man) – 8-Bit Philosophy Is God Useful? – 8-Bit Philosophy Does Money Own You? – 8-Bit Philosophy Is Capitalism Bad For You? – 8-Bit Philosophy Do We Need Government? (The Social Contract) – 8-Bit Philosophy Are Your Actions GOOD? (Kant vs. Mill) – 8-Bit Philosophy Are Drugs GOOD For You? (Kirby + Aldous Huxley) – 8-Bit Philosophy Are You Authentic? (Heidegger + River City Ransom) – 8-Bit Philosophy Is The American Dream B.S.? – 8-Bit Philosophy What is Woman? (de Beauvoir + Metroid) – 8-Bit Philosophy Is A Cat A Cat? (Derrida + Double Dragon) – 8-Bit Philosophy Time is a Flat Circle? (Nietzsche + Mega Man) – 8-Bit Philosophy Is Change Impossible? – 8-Bit Philosophy Why Do We Get F#*&% Up? – 8-Bit Philosophy Should Animals Have Human Rights? (Pokémon + Speciesism) – 8-Bit Philosophy Why Shouldn’t We Commit Suicide? (Donkey Kong & The Myth of Sisyphus) – 8-Bit Philosophy Do We Enjoy Being Free? (Final Fantasy + Sartre) – 8-Bit Philosophy Will History END? – 8-Bit Philosophy What is Real? (Plato’s Allegory of the Cave) – 8-Bit Philosophy Is Gender REAL? – 8-Bit Philosophy Is Kanye West Even Human? – 8-Bit Philosophy Is Batman JUST? – 8-Bit Philosophy Who Was Machiavelli? (The Prince) – 8-Bit Philosophy Does Christianity Make Us Weak? (Nietzsche) – 8-Bit Philosophy Who Was Socrates? – 8-Bit Philosophy Can We Be Certain of Anything? (Descartes) – 8-Bit Philosophy Does Privilege Matter? – 8-Bit Philosophy Does Rationality Give Life Meaning? (Kierkegaard) – 8-Bit Philosophy Can We Trust the Media? (Baudrillard) – 8-Bit Philosophy Do Humans Operate Like Computers? (Kant) – 8-Bit Philosophy Is Technology Dangerous? (Star Wars + Heidegger) – 8-Bit Philosophy Why Do We Take Selfies? (Michel Foucault) – 8-Bit Philosophy Is Boredom Worse Than Death? (Kierkegaard) – 8-Bit Philosophy What is Marxism? (Karl Marx + Super Mario Bros.) – 8-Bit Philosophy What Is Evil? – 8-Bit Philosophy Why Do Haters Hate? – 8-Bit Philosophy Carneades of Cyrene - Philosophy Rules of Replacement Answers II The Paradox of Buridan’s Ass Is Science Rational? The Expanding Child (Abortion Thought Experiment) William James vs Presuppositionalism Frege’s On Sense and Reference (Philosophy of Language) Fallacy of Accident Rules of Implication Answers I (100 Days of Logic) Figure 1 Conditionally Valid Three Major Distinctions Final (90 Second Philosophy) Tautology Rule IV (Categorical Syllogisms) The Coherence Theory of Truth Conversion (Categorical Logic) Appeal to Unqualified Authority (Logical Fallacy) Why Cosmology Is Not Science The Cogito (Meditation I) Bayesian Epistemology Reductio Ad Absurdum (Ninety Second Philosophy) The Illusion of Control (The Skeptic and The Shrink) The Evil Deceiver (Skeptical Scenarios) The New Paradox of Dogmatism (Bayesian Epistemology) What Is Stoicism? (Philosophical Position) The Unreality Of Time (McTaggart’s Argument) Contrary (Categorical Logic) Modus Ponens Objections to Pascal’s Wager Necessary and Contingent Distinction (90 Second Philosophy) Figure 2 (Categorical Syllogism) Illicit Conversion (Categorical Logic Fallacy) The New Riddle of Induction Who Was Mary Wollstonecraft? (Famous Philosophers) Munchhausen’s Trilemma Arguments of Indirect Skepticism Exportation (Propositional Logic) The Instant Model of Time (Temporal Logic) Conjunction (Rules of Implication) Major and Minor Premises (Categorical Logic) The Man in the Yard Trolley Problem (90 Second Philosophy) Philosophical Zombies (Thought Experiment) Affirmative From Negative (Logical Fallacy) The Paradox of the Heap (90 Second Philosophy) Existential Fallacy (Boole) The Duplication Argument (Ninety Second Philosophy) Russell’s Objection to the Cosmological Argument Negation (Propositional Logic) Curry’s Paradox What is Nominalism? (Universals and Abstracts) Analytic and Synthetic Distinciton (90 Second Philosophy) Inconsistent (Propositional Logic) Semantically De Re and De Dicto Boolean Venn Diagrams II Subalternation (Categorical Logic) Type vs Token Distinction What is Philosophy? (Philosophical Definitions) Who Was Rene Descartes? (Famous Philosophers) Who Was Friedrich Nietzsche? (Famous Philosophers) Linear Temporal Logic (Lt) Appeal to Force (Logical Fallacy) The Raven Paradox (Carl Hempel and the Paradox of Confirmation) Suppressed Evidence (Logical Fallacy) Arrow’s Impossibility Theorem (The Problem of the Third Party) Categorical Logic Do Mistakes in Scripture Imply Atheism? St. Thomas Aquinas’s Cosmological Argument Simplification (Rules of Implication) Propositional and Categorical Logic Undistributed Middle (Logical Fallacy) Modal Perfection Argument (Proof) Realist Nights (A Musical Critique of Scientific Realism) The Cyclical Liar Paradox What is Philosophical Anarchism? (The Puzzle of Authority) What is a Gödel Number? (Arithmatization) Objections to the Principle of Causality (Kalam Cosmological Argument) Final 10 Days of Logic (Predicate Calculus) Cosmic Fine Tuning and the Monty Hall Fallacy Science, History, and Puzzles Responses to Inspiring Philosophy’s Defense of the MOA False Cause (Logical Fallacy) Disjunctive Syllogism Abductive Teleological Arguments for the Existence of God Objections to Personal Explanation (The Kalam Cosmological Argument) The Principle of Charity (Ninety Second Philosophy) You Can’t Handle The Truth! Are Reason and Faith Contradictory? The Multiverse Objection (to the Cosmic Fine Tuning Argument) Direct vs Indirect Realism (Philosophy of Perception) Modus Tollens Properties of Relations Carneades.org Channel Guide The Puzzle of Negative Existentials (Philosophy of Language) The Beautiful and The Sublime (Aesthetics) Jus ad Bellum (Just War Theory) Conditional and Indirect Proof (Predicate Calculus) The Horned Man Paradox Modal Ontological Argument Generalization and Instantiation (Predicate Calculus) The Plank of Carneades (Thought Experiment) Categorical Syllogisms What is Monism? (Existence vs Priority Monism) Figure 3 (Categorical Syllogism) What is Egoism? (Philosophical Positions) Straw Man (Logical Fallacy) Three Major Philosophical Distinctions (90 Second Philosophy) One Hundred Days of Logic What is Metaphysics? (Definition) Exclusive Premises (Logical Fallacy) The Duplication Argument Against Evolution Grelling’s Paradox The Ethics of Belief (William Clifford) Dutch Book Arguments (Bayesian Epistemology) What is Wisdom? (Philosophical Definitions) Life of the Indirect Skeptic Hasty Generalization (Logical Fallacy) What is Temporal Logic? The Trolley Problem (90 Second Philosophy) The Correspondence Theory of Truth The Interval Model of Time (Temporal Logic) Antinomies (Impossible Paradoxes) Conditional Proof (Part II) Alfred Tarski’s Convention T (Theories of Truth) The Deontic Trifold Classification The Four Paradoxes of Eubulides Particular Negative Plantinga’s Elaborate Poker Equivocation (Cosmic Fine Tuning) Debunking the Modal Ontological Argument Six Ways from Sunday Disjunction (Propositional Logic) Doubting Truth (The Law of the Excluded Middle) Belief and Knowledge Notation (Epistemic Logic) Equivalence (Propositional Logic) Are Our Theories Correct? (Transient Underdetermination) Objective vs Subjective (Philosophical Distinction) What is Ontology? (Definition) Berry’s Paradox Conceptual Ontological Argument Occam’s Razor (and why you should be skeptical of it) Modal Logic (Basics) Zeno’s Paradox: Achilles and the Tortoise (90 Second Philosophy) The Paradox of Kant’s Law (Ought Implies Can) Rules of Replacement Answers I Kant’s Objection to the Cosmological Argument Thomas Kuhn vs Presuppositionalism Pluralist Theories of Truth Time Without Change (Thought Experiment) The Prisoner’s Dilemma (90 Second Philosophy) The Arrow Paradox The Unintentional Liar Paradox The Will to Believe (William James) Material Equivalence Contraposition (Categorical Logic) Mary the Color Scientist (The Knowledge Argument) De Morgan’s Rule (Part I) Change of Quantifier (Predicate Calculus) The Puzzle of Propositional Attitude Reports (Philosophy of Language) Syntactically De Re and De Dicto (90 Second Philosophy) Objections to the Somatic Approach (Personal Identity) How to Climb the Social Ladder in Lem (Knights and Knaves) Doubting Math (Russell’s Paradox) Using Science Without Belief (a case for Instrumentalism) What is Logic? (Philosophical Definition) The Free Will Defense Ad Hominem (Logical Fallacy) Contradictory (Propositional Logic) The Grandfather Paradox (90 Second Philosophy) Analytic vs Continental Philosophy (Distinction) The Fat Man Trolley Problem (90 Second Philosophy) Paradoxes of Heaps and Sets Meno’s Paradox What is Knowledge? (Philosophical Definitions) Godel’s Incompleteness Theorem (Doubting Math) Final Logic Problems (Beginner Answers) Valid (Propositional Logic) The Problem of Induction Doxastic and Epistemic Semantics (J. Hintikka) Rule II (Categorical Syllogisms) The Problem of Evil Indirect Skepticism The Skeptic and the Shrink (A Psychologist’s Case for Skepticism) Free Will (4 Minute Philsophical Positions) The Turing Test (Thought Experiment) Implicit vs Explicit Knowledge (Philosophical Distinctions) Rationalism vs Empiricism What is Wrong with Slavery? (Thought Experiment) The Chinese Gym (Thought Experiment) Who Was Immanuel Kant? (Famous Philosophers) Hypothetical vs Categorical Good (Philosophical Distinctions) What is Epistemic Logic? We Don’t Know Modally De Re and De Dicto (90 Second Philosophy) Associativity (Propositional Logic) The Chinese Room (Thought Experiment) The Fat Villain Trolley Problem (90 Second Philosophy) Conditional Proof (Part I) The Liar’s Revenge Paradox Compound Propositions Answers What is the Paradox of Voting? (Downs’ Paradox) Moore’s Paradox The Ancient Liar Paradox Major, Minor, and Middle Term The Deflationary Theory of Truth Paradox of the Preface Final Thoughts on the Cosmological Argument The Watch Argument (Deductive Teleological Arguments) People Seeds (Abortion Thought Experiment) What is Scientific Realism? The Dunning-Kruger Effect Russell vs Presuppositionalism Contradictory and Undetermined The Presumption of Atheism (Antony Flew) The Gettier Problem The Borda Count (Voting Theory) The Problem of Logical Omniscience (Bayesian Epistemology) Truth Tables Variations of Bayesianism What If You Were Dreaming? (Ninety Second Philosophy) Science vs Philosophy of Science (Distinction) Russell’s Theory of Definite Descriptions (Philosophy of Language) The Month of Paradox October is Thought Experiment Month! Red Herring (Logical Fallacy) Objections to Bayesian Epistemology The Luminous Room (Thought Experiment) Jus in Bello (Just War Theory) Rule I (Categorical Syllogisms) The Free Will Dilemma The Matrix (Skeptical Scenarios) The Paradox of the Barber The Problem of The Priors (Bayesian Epistemology) Are Theories Falsifiable? (Holistic Underdetermination) The Indefinability of Truth (Tarski’s Theorem) Epistemology (5 Minute Philosophical Positions) Boolean Venn Diagrams I Skeptical Scenarios (Ninety Second Philosophy) The Brain Simulator (Thought Experiment) Simple Principle of Conditionalization (Bayesian Epistemology) Bayes’ Theorem and the Monty Hall Fallacy Four Famous Puzzles in the Philosophy of Language Proving Invalidity (Predicate Calculus) Existential Fallacy (Aristotle) The Violinist (Abortion Thought Experiment) Fitch’s Paradox of Knowability Thought Experiments in Artificial Intelligence What are Qualia? (Philosophical Definitions) Religious Experience Ontological Argument Syntax vs Semantics (Philosophical Distinctions) First Past The Post (Voting System) Symbols and Terms (Predicate Calculus) The Precedence Relation (Temporal Logic) Omnipotence (12 Days of Theology) The Life As We Know It Objection (Cosmic Fine Tuning) The Lottery Paradox Appeal to Ignorance (Logical Fallacy) Objections to the Teleological Argument from Analogy Complex Question (Logical Fallacy) Omniscience (The 12 Days of Theology) A Theory is Just a Theory (Underdetermination in Scientific Theory) Relations and Overlapping Quantifiers The A Series vs The B Series (Unreality of Time) What is a Formal Language? Optimism Bias (The Skeptic and the Shrink) Why Science Rests On Faith Are Theories Verifiable? (Contrastive Underdetermination) Personal Indentity (The Persistence Question) The Surprise Test Paradox The Free Choice Permission Paradox Pyrrho vs Presuppositionalism Why Science Isn’t Knowledge Pragmatism (William James and Charles Sanders Peirce) Jeffrey Conditionalization (The Problem of Uncertain Evidence) Ethics vs Morality (Philosophical Distinctions) Laws of Probability (Basics) Hypothetical Syllogism The Cosmic Fine Tuning Argument General Paradoxes (Answers) Presuppositionalism The Island of Blue Eyes Solution Rule V (Categorical Syllogisms) Necessary and Sufficient Conditions Hume’s Objections to the Teleological Argument A Priori and A Posteriori Distinction (90 Second Philosophy) Conjunction (Propositional Logic) The Cogito (Meditation II) Doubting “I Think Therefore I Am” (The Cogito) Harrison Bergeron (Dramatic Reading) Begging the Question (Logical Fallacy) Figure 1 (Categorical Syllogisms) Traditional Square of Opposition The City of Lem (Knights and Knaves) Psychological Approach to Personal Identity Objections to Inspiring Philosophy’s Ontological Argument Teleological Arguments From Analogy Teleological Arguments for the Existence of God Abduction (Inference to the Best Explanation) Formal and Informal Logic Weak Analogy (Logical Fallacy) Objections to the Definitional Ontological Argument Propositional Logic Basics False Dichotomy (Logical Fallacy) Higher Order Ontological Argument Bayesian Dogmatism Confirmation and Disconfirmation (Bayesian Epistemology) Fernando’s Tale (Knights and Knaves) Fallacy of Composition Conditional Proof Answers Doubting “I Exist” (The Cogito) In Defense of Skepticism Put your Beliefs to the Test at Carneades.org The Loop Trolley Problem (90 Second Philosophy) Iterated Prisoner’s Dilemma (90 Second Philosophy) Kalam Cosmological Argument The Decision Paradox The Resurrection of Objections to the MOA The Boolean Liar Paradox Objections to the Watch Argument (Deductive Teleological Arguments) The Experience Machine (Ninety Second Philosophy) The Bald King of France (Philosophy of Language) Hume’s Objections to the Cosmological Argument What is Vacuous Truth? Uninteresting Number Paradox The Confirmation Fine Tuning Argument Pascal’s Wager Paradoxes of Penzance (Veridical Paradoxes) Ninety Second Philosophy: Deductive vs Inductive Arguments Objections to the Beginning of the Universe (Kalam Cosmological Argument) Faith and Violence (Irrational Disagreements) Frege’s Puzzle (Philosophy of Language) Do Third Parties Destroy Democracy? 10 Perplexing Puzzle for the Master Modal Logician What is Doxastic Voluntarism? (Definition) The Modern Liar Paradox Meinong’s Jungle (Theory of Objects) The Afterlife (Four Minute Philosophical Positions) Swinburne’s Objection (To The New Riddle of Induction) The Problem of the Criterion A February Fortnight of Knights and Knaves Truthmakers and Truthbearers Objections to the Conceptual Ontological Argument Illicit Major and Minor (Logical Fallacy) God is the Good (William Lane Craig and the Euthyphro Dilemma) Agrippa vs Presuppositionalism Defending the Liar (Use and Mention with Frank Dunleavy) Particular Affirmative Carneades of Cyrene (Enslaver of Souls, Destroyer of Gods, and Last Great Scholarch of the Academy)
