School of Life - Philosophy PHILOSOPHY – Plato PHILOSOPHY – Nietzsche PHILOSOPHY – Epicurus PHILOSOPHY – The Stoics PHILOSOPHY – Heidegger PHILOSOPHY – Sartre PHILOSOPHY – Aristotle PHILOSOPHY – La Rochefoucauld PHILOSOPHY – Augustine PHILOSOPHY – Ludwig Wittgenstein PHILOSOPHY – Soren Kierkegaard PHILOSOPHY – Baruch Spinoza PHILOSOPHY – Albert Camus PHILOSOPHY – Michel Foucault PHILOSOPHY – René Descartes PHILOSOPHY – Schopenhauer NIETZSCHE ON: The Superman SARTRE ON: Bad Faith PHILOSOPHY – Hegel PHILOSOPHY – Montaigne PHILOSOPHY: Immanuel Kant Burke on: The Sublime PLATO ON: The Forms PLATO ON: The Allegory of the Cave PHILOSOPHY – Thomas Aquinas Crash Course - Philosophy What is Philosophy?: Crash Course Philosophy #1 How to Argue – Philosophical Reasoning: Crash Course Philosophy #2 How to Argue – Induction & Abduction: Crash Course Philosophy #3 Leonardo DiCaprio & The Nature of Reality: Crash Course Philosophy #4 Cartesian Skepticism – Neo, Meet Rene: Crash Course Philosophy #5 Locke, Berkeley, & Empiricism: Crash Course Philosophy #6 The Meaning of Knowledge: Crash Course Philosophy #7 Karl Popper, Science, and Pseudoscience: Crash Course Philosophy #8 Anselm and the Argument for God: Crash Course Philosophy #9 Aquinas and the Cosmological Arguments: Crash Course Philosophy #10 Intelligent Design: Crash Course Philosophy #11 What is God Like?: Crash Course Philosophy #12 The Problem of Evil: Crash Course Philosophy #13 Anti-Vaxxers, Conspiracy Theories & Epistemic Responsibility: Crash Course Philosophy #14 Indiana Jones & Pascal’s Wager: Crash Course Philosophy #15 Existentialism: Crash Course Philosophy #16 Perspectives on Death: Crash Course Philosophy #17 Batman & Identity: Crash Course Philosophy #18 Personal Identity: Crash Course Philosophy #19 Arguments Against Personal Identity: Crash Course Philosophy #20 Personhood: Crash Course Philosophy #21 Where Does Your Mind Reside?: Crash Course Philosophy #22 Artificial Intelligence & Personhood: Crash Course Philosophy #23 Determinism vs Free Will: Crash Course Philosophy #24 Compatibilism: Crash Course Philosophy #25 Language & Meaning: Crash Course Philosophy #26 Netflix & Chill: Crash Course Philosophy #27 How Words Can Harm: Crash Course Philosophy #28 Nonexistent Objects & Imaginary Worlds: Crash Course Philosophy #29 Aesthetic Appreciation: Crash Course Philosophy #30 Aesthetics: Crash Course Philosophy #31 Metaethics: Crash Course Philosophy #32 Divine Command Theory: Crash Course Philosophy #33 Natural Law Theory: Crash Course Philosophy #34 Kant & Categorical Imperatives: Crash Course Philosophy #35 Utilitarianism: Crash Course Philosophy #36 Contractarianism: Crash Course Philosophy #37 Aristotle & Virtue Theory: Crash Course Philosophy #38 Leonardo DiCaprio & The Nature of Reality: Crash Course Philosophy #4 Cartesian Skepticism – Neo, Meet Rene: Crash Course Philosophy #5 Aquinas and the Cosmological Arguments: Crash Course Philosophy #10 Cartesian Skepticism – Neo, Meet Rene: Crash Course Philosophy #5 Wisecrack What is Real? (Plato’s Allegory of the Cave) – 8-Bit Philosophy Why Do We ❤️ SERIAL KILLERS!? – 8-Bit Philosophy Is It WRONG If You Don’t Vote? (Trump vs. Hillary) – 8-Bit Philosophy Does Political Correctness WORK? – 8-Bit Philosophy Will Drugs Make You Super-Human? (Adderall, Ritalin & More) – 8-Bit Philosophy Is Trump REALLY a Fascist? – 8-Bit Philosophy Is Tinder KILLING Love? – 8-Bit Philosophy Will Candy Crush Set You Free? – 8-Bit Philosophy PLATO ON: The Allegory of the Cave Is Trump the END of Politics? – 8-Bit Philosophy What is Marxism? (Karl Marx + Super Mario Bros.) – 8-Bit Philosophy What Is Evil? – 8-Bit Philosophy Why Do Haters Hate? – 8-Bit Philosophy Do We Crave Fascism? (Freud & Psychoanalysis) – 8-Bit Philosophy Get Away With Anything? (Plato + Zelda) – 8-Bit Philosophy Does SCIENCE = TRUTH? (Nietzsche + Mega Man) – 8-Bit Philosophy Is God Useful? – 8-Bit Philosophy Does Money Own You? – 8-Bit Philosophy Is Capitalism Bad For You? – 8-Bit Philosophy Do We Need Government? (The Social Contract) – 8-Bit Philosophy Are Your Actions GOOD? (Kant vs. Mill) – 8-Bit Philosophy Are Drugs GOOD For You? (Kirby + Aldous Huxley) – 8-Bit Philosophy Are You Authentic? (Heidegger + River City Ransom) – 8-Bit Philosophy Is The American Dream B.S.? – 8-Bit Philosophy What is Woman? (de Beauvoir + Metroid) – 8-Bit Philosophy Is A Cat A Cat? (Derrida + Double Dragon) – 8-Bit Philosophy Time is a Flat Circle? (Nietzsche + Mega Man) – 8-Bit Philosophy Is Change Impossible? – 8-Bit Philosophy Why Do We Get F#*&% Up? – 8-Bit Philosophy Should Animals Have Human Rights? (Pokémon + Speciesism) – 8-Bit Philosophy Why Shouldn’t We Commit Suicide? (Donkey Kong & The Myth of Sisyphus) – 8-Bit Philosophy Do We Enjoy Being Free? (Final Fantasy + Sartre) – 8-Bit Philosophy Will History END? – 8-Bit Philosophy What is Real? (Plato’s Allegory of the Cave) – 8-Bit Philosophy Is Gender REAL? – 8-Bit Philosophy Is Kanye West Even Human? – 8-Bit Philosophy Is Batman JUST? – 8-Bit Philosophy Who Was Machiavelli? (The Prince) – 8-Bit Philosophy Does Christianity Make Us Weak? (Nietzsche) – 8-Bit Philosophy Who Was Socrates? – 8-Bit Philosophy Can We Be Certain of Anything? (Descartes) – 8-Bit Philosophy Does Privilege Matter? – 8-Bit Philosophy Does Rationality Give Life Meaning? (Kierkegaard) – 8-Bit Philosophy Can We Trust the Media? (Baudrillard) – 8-Bit Philosophy Do Humans Operate Like Computers? (Kant) – 8-Bit Philosophy Is Technology Dangerous? (Star Wars + Heidegger) – 8-Bit Philosophy Why Do We Take Selfies? (Michel Foucault) – 8-Bit Philosophy Is Boredom Worse Than Death? (Kierkegaard) – 8-Bit Philosophy Carneades of Cyrene - Philosophy Generalization and Instantiation (Predicate Calculus) Equivalence (Propositional Logic) Agrippa vs Presuppositionalism What is the Paradox of Voting? (Downs’ Paradox) Russell’s Theory of Definite Descriptions (Philosophy of Language) The Chinese Room (Thought Experiment) Illicit Major and Minor (Logical Fallacy) Jus in Bello (Just War Theory) Contraposition (Categorical Logic) What is Monism? (Existence vs Priority Monism) Are Theories Verifiable? (Contrastive Underdetermination) The Principle of Charity (Ninety Second Philosophy) Necessary and Sufficient Conditions The City of Lem (Knights and Knaves) Harrison Bergeron (Dramatic Reading) Ad Hominem (Logical Fallacy) Pascal’s Wager Four Famous Puzzles in the Philosophy of Language Properties of Relations Paradox of the Preface Syntactically De Re and De Dicto (90 Second Philosophy) Straw Man (Logical Fallacy) Higher Order Ontological Argument Berry’s Paradox Simple Principle of Conditionalization (Bayesian Epistemology) Conditional Proof Answers Addition (Rules of Implication) Omnipotence (12 Days of Theology) Objections to Inspiring Philosophy’s Ontological Argument Equivocation (Logical Fallacy) Complex Question (Logical Fallacy) Carneades of Cyrene (Enslaver of Souls, Destroyer of Gods, and Last Great Scholarch of the Academy) Russell’s Objection to the Cosmological Argument Teleological Arguments for the Existence of God The Arrow Paradox Major and Minor Premises (Categorical Logic) Fallacy of Accident Disjunctive Syllogism The Duplication Argument (Ninety Second Philosophy) Rules of Implication Answers II Russell vs Presuppositionalism Who Was Friedrich Nietzsche? (Famous Philosophers) Hume’s Objections to the Teleological Argument Skeptical Scenarios (Ninety Second Philosophy) The Coherence Theory of Truth Ninety Second Philosophy: Arguments Implication (Propositional Logic) The Watch Argument (Deductive Teleological Arguments) The Confirmation Fine Tuning Argument Dutch Book Arguments (Bayesian Epistemology) Paradoxes of Penzance (Veridical Paradoxes) Conversion (Categorical Logic) You Can’t Handle The Truth! Arrow’s Impossibility Theorem (The Problem of the Third Party) Contradictory and Undetermined Denying the Antecedent What is Philosophy? (Philosophical Definitions) The Problem of Induction The Free Will Defense What the Tortoise said to Achilles (Explanation) The Dunning-Kruger Effect What is Doxastic Voluntarism? (Definition) Meinong’s Jungle (Theory of Objects) Science vs Philosophy of Science (Distinction) The Surprise Test Paradox Optimism Bias (The Skeptic and the Shrink) Who Was Rene Descartes? (Famous Philosophers) One Hundred Days of Logic What is Epistemic Logic? A Priori and A Posteriori Distinction (90 Second Philosophy) The Raven Paradox (Carl Hempel and the Paradox of Confirmation) Variations of Bayesianism The Skeptic and the Shrink (A Psychologist’s Case for Skepticism) Objections to the Conceptual Ontological Argument Appeal to Unqualified Authority (Logical Fallacy) Kalam Cosmological Argument The Duplication Argument Against Evolution A Theory is Just a Theory (Underdetermination in Scientific Theory) Twin Earth (Thought Experiment) Objections to Pascal’s Wager Antinomies (Impossible Paradoxes) Are Reason and Faith Contradictory? Frege’s Puzzle (Philosophy of Language) Red Herring (Logical Fallacy) The Free Will Dilemma Undistributed Middle (Logical Fallacy) What is Egoism? (Philosophical Positions) Frege’s On Sense and Reference (Philosophy of Language) Objections to the Watch Argument (Deductive Teleological Arguments) The Will to Believe (William James) Doubting Equality Rule I (Categorical Syllogisms) Analytic and Synthetic Distinciton (90 Second Philosophy) Varieties of Voting Systems Rule II (Categorical Syllogisms) Doubting “I Exist” (The Cogito) Uninteresting Number Paradox Propositional Logic Basics Appeal to Ignorance (Logical Fallacy) William James vs Presuppositionalism Are Our Theories Correct? (Transient Underdetermination) Cosmic Fine Tuning and the Monty Hall Fallacy Modally De Re and De Dicto (90 Second Philosophy) Cantor’s Paradox Faith and Violence (Irrational Disagreements) Confirmation and Disconfirmation (Bayesian Epistemology) Suppressed Evidence (Logical Fallacy) The Island of Blue Eyes Solution Implicit vs Explicit Knowledge (Philosophical Distinctions) People Seeds (Abortion Thought Experiment) The Fat Man Trolley Problem (90 Second Philosophy) Type vs Token Distinction Existential Fallacy (Aristotle) Conceptual Ontological Argument Are Theories Falsifiable? (Holistic Underdetermination) Hypothetical vs Categorical Good (Philosophical Distinctions) The Decision Paradox The Brain Simulator (Thought Experiment) St. Thomas Aquinas’s Cosmological Argument The Indefinability of Truth (Tarski’s Theorem) What is Philosophical Anarchism? (The Puzzle of Authority) Truthmakers and Truthbearers Final Thoughts on the Cosmological Argument Personal Indentity (The Persistence Question) The Ethics of Belief (William Clifford) Moore’s Paradox What is Vacuous Truth? Hume’s Objections to the Cosmological Argument Fallacy of Composition Defending the Liar (Use and Mention with Frank Dunleavy) March 100 Days of Logic (Categorical Syllogisms) Iterated Prisoner’s Dilemma (90 Second Philosophy) In Defense of Skepticism The Trolley Problem (90 Second Philosophy) What is Functionalism? (Philosophy of Mind) What is Ontology? (Definition) The Afterlife (Four Minute Philosophical Positions) Grelling’s Paradox Figure 2 (Categorical Syllogism) Response to Swinburne’s Objection October is Thought Experiment Month! Bayesian Epistemology The Life As We Know It Objection (Cosmic Fine Tuning) Final Logic Problems (Beginner Answers) Why Science Rests On Faith Major, Minor, and Middle Term God is the Good (William Lane Craig and the Euthyphro Dilemma) Abduction (Inference to the Best Explanation) The Beautiful and The Sublime (Aesthetics) Thought Experiments in Artificial Intelligence Symbols and Terms (Predicate Calculus) Realist Nights (A Musical Critique of Scientific Realism) Final 10 Days of Logic (Predicate Calculus) Linear Temporal Logic (Lt) Objections to the Teleological Argument from Analogy Truth Tables The Experience Machine (Ninety Second Philosophy) Using Science Without Belief (a case for Instrumentalism) The Loop Trolley Problem (90 Second Philosophy) Final Logic Problems (100 Days of Logic) Psychological Approach to Personal Identity The Lottery Paradox The Evil Deceiver (Skeptical Scenarios) The Paradox of Kant’s Law (Ought Implies Can) Pluralist Theories of Truth The Boolean Liar Paradox Doubting Truth (The Law of the Excluded Middle) Objections to the Somatic Approach (Personal Identity) Relations and Overlapping Quantifiers First Past The Post (Voting System) What is a Formal Language? Objections to the Beginning of the Universe (Kalam Cosmological Argument) General Paradoxes (Answers) Modal Perfection Argument (Proof) The Liar’s Revenge Paradox The A Series vs The B Series (Unreality of Time) Religious Experience Ontological Argument The Violinist (Abortion Thought Experiment) The Illusion of Control (The Skeptic and The Shrink) Munchhausen’s Trilemma Reductio Ad Absurdum (Ninety Second Philosophy) Proving Invalidity (Predicate Calculus) Conditional Proof (Part II) The Cosmic Fine Tuning Argument What Is Stoicism? (Philosophical Position) The Instant Model of Time (Temporal Logic) The New Paradox of Dogmatism (Bayesian Epistemology) The Puzzle of Negative Existentials (Philosophy of Language) Zeno’s Paradox: Achilles and the Tortoise (90 Second Philosophy) Exclusive Premises (Logical Fallacy) The Problem of Evil Rules of Implication Answers I (100 Days of Logic) Modern Square of Opposition Answering Objections to Skepticism Brain in a Vat (Ninety Second Philosophy) The Problem of The Priors (Bayesian Epistemology) Modus Tollens Why Science Isn’t Knowledge The Fat Villain Trolley Problem (90 Second Philosophy) Objective vs Subjective (Philosophical Distinction) Occam’s Razor (and why you should be skeptical of it) The Paradox of the Barber The New Riddle of Induction Put your Beliefs to the Test at Carneades.org Figure 1 (Categorical Syllogisms) Particular Negative Valid (Propositional Logic) The Expanding Child (Abortion Thought Experiment) Doubting “I Think Therefore I Am” (The Cogito) Memorializing the Modal Perfection Argument Ethics vs Morality (Philosophical Distinctions) Pragmatism (William James and Charles Sanders Peirce) Meno’s Paradox Time Without Change (Thought Experiment) Swinburne’s Objection (To The New Riddle of Induction) Who Was David Hume? (Famous Philosophers) Conjunction (Rules of Implication) False Cause (Logical Fallacy) The Chinese Gym (Thought Experiment) What is a Gödel Number? (Arithmatization) Confirmation Bias (The Skeptic and The Shrink) Rule IV (Categorical Syllogisms) Hasty Generalization (Logical Fallacy) Carneades.org Channel Guide The Problem of the Criterion Objections to the Definitional Ontological Argument Three Months of Modal Logics Is Science Rational? Compound Propositions Answers Three Major Philosophical Distinctions (90 Second Philosophy) Life of the Indirect Skeptic The Puzzle of Propositional Attitude Reports (Philosophy of Language) Rules of Replacement Answers I Indirect Skepticism Contrary (Categorical Logic) What is Wrong with Slavery? (Thought Experiment) Objections to the Principle of Causality (Kalam Cosmological Argument) Jeffrey Conditionalization (The Problem of Uncertain Evidence) Direct vs Indirect Realism (Philosophy of Perception) The Paradox of Theseus’s Ship (90 Second Philosophy) We Don’t Know Propositional and Categorical Logic The Bald King of France (Philosophy of Language) What is a Theodicy? (Augustinian and Irenaean) Belief and Knowledge Notation (Epistemic Logic) What is Temporal Logic? Conjunction (Propositional Logic) Why Cosmology Is Not Science Amphiboly (Logical Fallacy) Paradoxes of Heaps and Sets Syntax vs Semantics (Philosophical Distinctions) The Anti Expertise Paradox Axiomatic Theories of Truth (Typed Theories) Do Third Parties Destroy Democracy? The Turing Test (Thought Experiment) Universal Particular Affirmative Negative Contradictory (Propositional Logic) Presuppositionalism The Multiverse Objection (to the Cosmic Fine Tuning Argument) The Unreality Of Time (McTaggart’s Argument) The Problem with Proving God (Video 500) The Paradox of The Hooded Man Necessary and Contingent Distinction (90 Second Philosophy) Epistemology (5 Minute Philosophical Positions) Bayesian Dogmatism Thomas Kuhn vs Presuppositionalism Aristotle Venn Diagrams I Omniscience (The 12 Days of Theology) The Modern Liar Paradox Commutativity (Propositional Logic) The Plank of Carneades (Thought Experiment) Negation (Propositional Logic) Rules of Replacement Answers II The Ancient Liar Paradox Identity (Predicate Calculus) The Cyclical Liar Paradox Boolean Venn Diagrams I Double Negation (Propositional Logic) What is Peano Arithmetic? Particular Affirmative Existential Fallacy (Boole) Semantically De Re and De Dicto Arguments of Indirect Skepticism Exportation (Propositional Logic) Formal and Informal Logic De Morgan’s Rule (Part I) The Horned Man Paradox The Partial Free Will Argument (Response to the Free Will Defense) The Problem of Logical Omniscience (Bayesian Epistemology) The Man in the Yard Trolley Problem (90 Second Philosophy) The Unexpected Hanging Paradox (90 Second Philosophy) Illicit Conversion (Categorical Logic Fallacy) One Equals Two (Falsidical Paradoxes) The Deflationary Theory of Truth What is Nominalism? (Universals and Abstracts) The Correspondence Theory of Truth What is Modality? (Definition) What is Wisdom? (Philosophical Definitions) Weak Analogy (Logical Fallacy) Rule V (Categorical Syllogisms) The Luminous Room (Thought Experiment) Boole vs Aristotle (Categorical Logic) What If You Were Dreaming? (Ninety Second Philosophy) What is Scientific Realism? Analytic vs Continental Philosophy (Distinction) The Presumption of Atheism (Antony Flew) In Defense of the Gettier Problem (False Lemmas and Barn Facades) Categorical Logic Traditional Square of Opposition Ninety Second Philosophy: Deductive vs Inductive Arguments Begging the Question (Logical Fallacy) Godel’s Incompleteness Theorem (Doubting Math) Laws of Probability (Basics) Alethic Modal Logic vs Modal Logics Modus Ponens Indirect Proof Answers The Month of Paradox Objections to the Psychological Approach (Personal Identity) What is Metaphysics? (Definition) What is Logic? (Philosophical Definition) Objections to Bayesian Epistemology A February Fortnight of Knights and Knaves Science, History, and Puzzles Tautology Figure 3 (Categorical Syllogism) The Knower Paradox Hypothetical Syllogism Disjunction (Propositional Logic) Who Was Immanuel Kant? (Famous Philosophers) Abductive Teleological Arguments for the Existence of God Pyrrho and the Academics (Types of Skepticism) Responses to Inspiring Philosophy’s Defense of the MOA Figure 1 Conditionally Valid Curry’s Paradox The Resurrection of Objections to the MOA Final Objections to Inspiring Philosophy’s MOA Fernando’s Tale (Knights and Knaves) The Free Choice Permission Paradox Conditional and Indirect Proof (Predicate Calculus) The Cogito (Meditation I) Subalternation (Categorical Logic) Do Mistakes in Scripture Imply Atheism? An Intergalactic Obliteration of the Cosmic Fine Tuning Argument
