School of Life - Philosophy PHILOSOPHY – Heidegger PHILOSOPHY – Sartre PHILOSOPHY – Aristotle PHILOSOPHY – Plato PHILOSOPHY – Nietzsche PHILOSOPHY – Epicurus PHILOSOPHY – The Stoics PHILOSOPHY – La Rochefoucauld PHILOSOPHY – Augustine PHILOSOPHY – Ludwig Wittgenstein PHILOSOPHY – Soren Kierkegaard PHILOSOPHY – Baruch Spinoza PHILOSOPHY – Albert Camus PHILOSOPHY – Michel Foucault PHILOSOPHY – René Descartes PHILOSOPHY – Schopenhauer NIETZSCHE ON: The Superman SARTRE ON: Bad Faith PHILOSOPHY – Hegel PHILOSOPHY – Montaigne PHILOSOPHY: Immanuel Kant Burke on: The Sublime PLATO ON: The Forms PLATO ON: The Allegory of the Cave PHILOSOPHY – Thomas Aquinas Crash Course - Philosophy What is Philosophy?: Crash Course Philosophy #1 How to Argue – Philosophical Reasoning: Crash Course Philosophy #2 How to Argue – Induction & Abduction: Crash Course Philosophy #3 Leonardo DiCaprio & The Nature of Reality: Crash Course Philosophy #4 Cartesian Skepticism – Neo, Meet Rene: Crash Course Philosophy #5 Locke, Berkeley, & Empiricism: Crash Course Philosophy #6 The Meaning of Knowledge: Crash Course Philosophy #7 Karl Popper, Science, and Pseudoscience: Crash Course Philosophy #8 Anselm and the Argument for God: Crash Course Philosophy #9 Aquinas and the Cosmological Arguments: Crash Course Philosophy #10 Intelligent Design: Crash Course Philosophy #11 What is God Like?: Crash Course Philosophy #12 The Problem of Evil: Crash Course Philosophy #13 Anti-Vaxxers, Conspiracy Theories & Epistemic Responsibility: Crash Course Philosophy #14 Indiana Jones & Pascal’s Wager: Crash Course Philosophy #15 Existentialism: Crash Course Philosophy #16 Perspectives on Death: Crash Course Philosophy #17 Batman & Identity: Crash Course Philosophy #18 Personal Identity: Crash Course Philosophy #19 Arguments Against Personal Identity: Crash Course Philosophy #20 Personhood: Crash Course Philosophy #21 Where Does Your Mind Reside?: Crash Course Philosophy #22 Artificial Intelligence & Personhood: Crash Course Philosophy #23 Determinism vs Free Will: Crash Course Philosophy #24 Compatibilism: Crash Course Philosophy #25 Language & Meaning: Crash Course Philosophy #26 Netflix & Chill: Crash Course Philosophy #27 How Words Can Harm: Crash Course Philosophy #28 Nonexistent Objects & Imaginary Worlds: Crash Course Philosophy #29 Aesthetic Appreciation: Crash Course Philosophy #30 Aesthetics: Crash Course Philosophy #31 Metaethics: Crash Course Philosophy #32 Divine Command Theory: Crash Course Philosophy #33 Natural Law Theory: Crash Course Philosophy #34 Kant & Categorical Imperatives: Crash Course Philosophy #35 Utilitarianism: Crash Course Philosophy #36 Contractarianism: Crash Course Philosophy #37 Aristotle & Virtue Theory: Crash Course Philosophy #38 Leonardo DiCaprio & The Nature of Reality: Crash Course Philosophy #4 Cartesian Skepticism – Neo, Meet Rene: Crash Course Philosophy #5 Aquinas and the Cosmological Arguments: Crash Course Philosophy #10 Cartesian Skepticism – Neo, Meet Rene: Crash Course Philosophy #5 Wisecrack What is Real? (Plato’s Allegory of the Cave) – 8-Bit Philosophy Why Do We ❤️ SERIAL KILLERS!? – 8-Bit Philosophy Is It WRONG If You Don’t Vote? (Trump vs. Hillary) – 8-Bit Philosophy Does Political Correctness WORK? – 8-Bit Philosophy Will Drugs Make You Super-Human? (Adderall, Ritalin & More) – 8-Bit Philosophy Is Trump REALLY a Fascist? – 8-Bit Philosophy Is Tinder KILLING Love? – 8-Bit Philosophy Will Candy Crush Set You Free? – 8-Bit Philosophy PLATO ON: The Allegory of the Cave Is Trump the END of Politics? – 8-Bit Philosophy Are Drugs GOOD For You? (Kirby + Aldous Huxley) – 8-Bit Philosophy Are You Authentic? (Heidegger + River City Ransom) – 8-Bit Philosophy Is The American Dream B.S.? – 8-Bit Philosophy What is Woman? (de Beauvoir + Metroid) – 8-Bit Philosophy Is A Cat A Cat? (Derrida + Double Dragon) – 8-Bit Philosophy Time is a Flat Circle? (Nietzsche + Mega Man) – 8-Bit Philosophy Is Change Impossible? – 8-Bit Philosophy Why Do We Get F#*&% Up? – 8-Bit Philosophy Should Animals Have Human Rights? (Pokémon + Speciesism) – 8-Bit Philosophy Why Shouldn’t We Commit Suicide? (Donkey Kong & The Myth of Sisyphus) – 8-Bit Philosophy Do We Enjoy Being Free? (Final Fantasy + Sartre) – 8-Bit Philosophy Will History END? – 8-Bit Philosophy What is Real? (Plato’s Allegory of the Cave) – 8-Bit Philosophy Is Gender REAL? – 8-Bit Philosophy Is Kanye West Even Human? – 8-Bit Philosophy Is Batman JUST? – 8-Bit Philosophy Who Was Machiavelli? (The Prince) – 8-Bit Philosophy Does Christianity Make Us Weak? (Nietzsche) – 8-Bit Philosophy Who Was Socrates? – 8-Bit Philosophy Can We Be Certain of Anything? (Descartes) – 8-Bit Philosophy Does Privilege Matter? – 8-Bit Philosophy Does Rationality Give Life Meaning? (Kierkegaard) – 8-Bit Philosophy Can We Trust the Media? (Baudrillard) – 8-Bit Philosophy Do Humans Operate Like Computers? (Kant) – 8-Bit Philosophy Is Technology Dangerous? (Star Wars + Heidegger) – 8-Bit Philosophy Why Do We Take Selfies? (Michel Foucault) – 8-Bit Philosophy Is Boredom Worse Than Death? (Kierkegaard) – 8-Bit Philosophy What is Marxism? (Karl Marx + Super Mario Bros.) – 8-Bit Philosophy What Is Evil? – 8-Bit Philosophy Why Do Haters Hate? – 8-Bit Philosophy Do We Crave Fascism? (Freud & Psychoanalysis) – 8-Bit Philosophy Get Away With Anything? (Plato + Zelda) – 8-Bit Philosophy Does SCIENCE = TRUTH? (Nietzsche + Mega Man) – 8-Bit Philosophy Is God Useful? – 8-Bit Philosophy Does Money Own You? – 8-Bit Philosophy Is Capitalism Bad For You? – 8-Bit Philosophy Do We Need Government? (The Social Contract) – 8-Bit Philosophy Are Your Actions GOOD? (Kant vs. Mill) – 8-Bit Philosophy Carneades of Cyrene - Philosophy Teleological Arguments From Analogy The Liar’s Revenge Paradox What is Epistemic Logic? What is Functionalism? (Philosophy of Mind) Response to Swinburne’s Objection Linear Temporal Logic (Lt) The Lottery Paradox Doubting Math (Russell’s Paradox) An Intergalactic Obliteration of the Cosmic Fine Tuning Argument Thomas Kuhn vs Presuppositionalism Major, Minor, and Middle Term Objections to Pascal’s Wager What is Monism? (Existence vs Priority Monism) The Four Paradoxes of Eubulides Abduction (Inference to the Best Explanation) The Watch Argument (Deductive Teleological Arguments) One Equals Two (Falsidical Paradoxes) Contraposition (Categorical Logic) Higher Order Ontological Argument The Expanding Child (Abortion Thought Experiment) What is Temporal Logic? You Can’t Handle The Truth! Rule III (Categorical Syllogisms) The Paradox of Buridan’s Ass Commutativity (Propositional Logic) Particular Affirmative Bayesian Dogmatism Final Logic Problems (100 Days of Logic) Using Science Without Belief (a case for Instrumentalism) The Free Will Defense The Paradox of the Barber What is Knowledge? (Philosophical Definitions) The Dunning-Kruger Effect The Paradox of The Hooded Man A Dream within a Dream (Dramatic Reading) Are Theories Falsifiable? (Holistic Underdetermination) The Matrix (Skeptical Scenarios) Jeffrey Conditionalization (The Problem of Uncertain Evidence) The Cogito (Meditation I) The Presumption of Atheism (Antony Flew) What Is Stoicism? (Philosophical Position) The Paradox of the Heap (90 Second Philosophy) The Plank of Carneades (Thought Experiment) Ninety Second Philosophy: Arguments The Cyclical Liar Paradox Fallacy of Accident The Instant Model of Time (Temporal Logic) The Cosmic Fine Tuning Argument Hume’s Objections to the Teleological Argument Amphiboly (Logical Fallacy) Type vs Token Distinction Arguments of Indirect Skepticism The Beautiful and The Sublime (Aesthetics) What is Vacuous Truth? What is Doxastic Voluntarism? (Definition) The Brain Simulator (Thought Experiment) Omnipotence (12 Days of Theology) Truth Tables Negation (Propositional Logic) Propositional and Categorical Logic Jus in Bello (Just War Theory) The Unreality Of Time (McTaggart’s Argument) Pyrrho vs Presuppositionalism Tautology The Free Choice Permission Paradox What is Wrong with Slavery? (Thought Experiment) What is Scientific Realism? Simplification (Rules of Implication) Denying the Antecedent Pyrrho and the Academics (Types of Skepticism) Realist Nights (A Musical Critique of Scientific Realism) Relations and Overlapping Quantifiers The Indefinability of Truth (Tarski’s Theorem) St. Thomas Aquinas’s Cosmological Argument Hypothetical Syllogism Boolean Venn Diagrams I Russell vs Presuppositionalism Modus Ponens The Grandfather Paradox (90 Second Philosophy) Semantically De Re and De Dicto The Luminous Room (Thought Experiment) Pragmatism (William James and Charles Sanders Peirce) The Anti Expertise Paradox Ad Hominem (Logical Fallacy) Boolean Venn Diagrams II Axiomatic Theories of Truth (Typed Theories) Indirect Skepticism The Loop Trolley Problem (90 Second Philosophy) Godel’s Incompleteness Theorem (Doubting Math) What is Philosophical Anarchism? (The Puzzle of Authority) Syntactically De Re and De Dicto (90 Second Philosophy) Particular Negative Inconsistent (Propositional Logic) Philosophical Zombies (Thought Experiment) Who Was Rene Descartes? (Famous Philosophers) The Violinist (Abortion Thought Experiment) Twin Earth (Thought Experiment) What is the Paradox of Voting? (Downs’ Paradox) Conjunction (Propositional Logic) Objections to the Watch Argument (Deductive Teleological Arguments) Dutch Book Arguments (Bayesian Epistemology) Confirmation and Disconfirmation (Bayesian Epistemology) Appeal to Unqualified Authority (Logical Fallacy) Agrippa vs Presuppositionalism Cosmic Fine Tuning and the Monty Hall Fallacy What is Philosophy? (Philosophical Definitions) Berry’s Paradox Meno’s Paradox The Modern Liar Paradox Doubting “I Exist” (The Cogito) What is Nominalism? (Universals and Abstracts) Do Mistakes in Scripture Imply Atheism? The Raven Paradox (Carl Hempel and the Paradox of Confirmation) Major and Minor Premises (Categorical Logic) The Paradox of Theseus’s Ship (90 Second Philosophy) Appeal to Force (Logical Fallacy) Modern Square of Opposition What is Peano Arithmetic? Jus ad Bellum (Just War Theory) The Multiverse Objection (to the Cosmic Fine Tuning Argument) The Prisoner’s Dilemma (90 Second Philosophy) The Trolley Problem (90 Second Philosophy) Distribution (Propositional Logic) Traditional Square of Opposition Rule IV (Categorical Syllogisms) Syntax vs Semantics (Philosophical Distinctions) Bayes’ Theorem and the Monty Hall Fallacy Fernando’s Tale (Knights and Knaves) Ninety Second Philosophy: Deductive vs Inductive Arguments Exportation (Propositional Logic) Begging the Question (Logical Fallacy) Objections to the Principle of Causality (Kalam Cosmological Argument) Science vs Philosophy of Science (Distinction) The Knower Paradox What is Wisdom? (Philosophical Definitions) Rules of Implication Answers II Grelling’s Paradox Conditional Proof (Part II) The Interval Model of Time (Temporal Logic) The New Riddle of Induction Time Without Change (Thought Experiment) Pascal’s Wager Appeal to Ignorance (Logical Fallacy) The Bald King of France (Philosophy of Language) Teleological Arguments for the Existence of God The Unintentional Liar Paradox Figure 1 (Categorical Syllogisms) The Cogito (Meditation II) The City of Lem (Knights and Knaves) Objections to the Definitional Ontological Argument One Hundred Days of Logic The Chinese Room (Thought Experiment) Associativity (Propositional Logic) The Deontic Trifold Classification The Surprise Test Paradox The Illusion of Control (The Skeptic and The Shrink) Mary the Color Scientist (The Knowledge Argument) Meinong’s Jungle (Theory of Objects) Curry’s Paradox Identity (Predicate Calculus) Objections to Inspiring Philosophy’s Ontological Argument Objections to Personal Explanation (The Kalam Cosmological Argument) A February Fortnight of Knights and Knaves Change of Quantifier (Predicate Calculus) The Island of Blue Eyes Solution Antinomies (Impossible Paradoxes) Modal Ontological Argument Frege’s On Sense and Reference (Philosophy of Language) God is the Good (William Lane Craig and the Euthyphro Dilemma) The Boolean Liar Paradox Ninety Second Philosophy: Valid and Sound Simple Principle of Conditionalization (Bayesian Epistemology) The Duplication Argument (Ninety Second Philosophy) The Paradox of Kant’s Law (Ought Implies Can) Suppressed Evidence (Logical Fallacy) Cantor’s Paradox The Borda Count (Voting Theory) The Turing Test (Thought Experiment) What is a Formal Language? What the Tortoise said to Achilles (Explanation) The Arrow Paradox Personal Indentity (The Persistence Question) Hasty Generalization (Logical Fallacy) What is Ontology? (Definition) Hypothetical vs Categorical Good (Philosophical Distinctions) Compound Propositions Answers First Past The Post (Voting System) What are Qualia? (Philosophical Definitions) Rules of Implication Answers I (100 Days of Logic) Categorical Logic Three Major Distinctions Final (90 Second Philosophy) What is a Theodicy? (Augustinian and Irenaean) Necessary and Contingent Distinction (90 Second Philosophy) Does Science Disprove God? People Seeds (Abortion Thought Experiment) Contradictory and Undetermined Equivalence (Propositional Logic) Rationalism vs Empiricism The Afterlife (Four Minute Philosophical Positions) Conditional Proof Answers The Problem of The Priors (Bayesian Epistemology) Objective vs Subjective (Philosophical Distinction) Doubting Truth (The Law of the Excluded Middle) Put your Beliefs to the Test at Carneades.org October is Thought Experiment Month! Properties of Relations Paradoxes of Heaps and Sets Belief and Knowledge Notation (Epistemic Logic) Munchhausen’s Trilemma The Free Will Dilemma Objections to the Teleological Argument from Analogy Complex Question (Logical Fallacy) Exclusive Premises (Logical Fallacy) The Fat Villain Trolley Problem (90 Second Philosophy) The Fat Man Trolley Problem (90 Second Philosophy) Direct vs Indirect Realism (Philosophy of Perception) Moore’s Paradox Answering Objections to Skepticism Existential Fallacy (Boole) Disjunction (Propositional Logic) Iterated Prisoner’s Dilemma (90 Second Philosophy) Necessary and Sufficient Conditions The Ancient Liar Paradox The Unexpected Hanging Paradox (90 Second Philosophy) Are Theories Verifiable? (Contrastive Underdetermination) Abductive Teleological Arguments for the Existence of God Science, History, and Puzzles Truthmakers and Truthbearers The Partial Free Will Argument (Response to the Free Will Defense) The Puzzle of Propositional Attitude Reports (Philosophy of Language) The Problem of Induction Material Equivalence Analytic vs Continental Philosophy (Distinction) Modus Tollens Paradoxes of Penzance (Veridical Paradoxes) Rules of Replacement Answers I What is a Gödel Number? (Arithmatization) Alethic Modal Logic vs Modal Logics Symbols and Terms (Predicate Calculus) Bayesian Epistemology Four Famous Puzzles in the Philosophy of Language Religious Experience Ontological Argument Faith and Violence (Irrational Disagreements) The Experience Machine (Ninety Second Philosophy) The Principle of Charity (Ninety Second Philosophy) Laws of Probability (Basics) The Horned Man Paradox De Morgan’s Rule (Part I) The New Paradox of Dogmatism (Bayesian Epistemology) What is Egoism? (Philosophical Positions) Uninteresting Number Paradox Ethics vs Morality (Philosophical Distinctions) Modal Logic (Basics) Responses to Inspiring Philosophy’s Defense of the MOA Variations of Bayesianism Carneades of Cyrene (Enslaver of Souls, Destroyer of Gods, and Last Great Scholarch of the Academy) The Puzzle of Negative Existentials (Philosophy of Language) Swinburne’s Objection (To The New Riddle of Induction) Figure 3 (Categorical Syllogism) Generalization and Instantiation (Predicate Calculus) Plantinga’s Elaborate Poker Equivocation (Cosmic Fine Tuning) Skeptical Scenarios (Ninety Second Philosophy) Rule II (Categorical Syllogisms) Memorializing the Modal Perfection Argument The Month of Paradox Disjunctive Syllogism Conjunction (Rules of Implication) Double Negation (Propositional Logic) Presuppositionalism Fitch’s Paradox of Knowability Why Science Isn’t Knowledge Are Reason and Faith Contradictory? Addition (Rules of Implication) Who Was Mary Wollstonecraft? (Famous Philosophers) The Problem of the Criterion The Skeptic and the Shrink (A Psychologist’s Case for Skepticism) Red Herring (Logical Fallacy) Fallacy of Composition Valid (Propositional Logic) What If You Were Dreaming? (Ninety Second Philosophy) Equivocation (Logical Fallacy) The Resurrection of Objections to the MOA The Problem of Evil Illicit Conversion (Categorical Logic Fallacy) The Will to Believe (William James) Brain in a Vat (Ninety Second Philosophy) Modal Perfection Argument (Proof) The A Series vs The B Series (Unreality of Time) The Decision Paradox Psychological Approach to Personal Identity Kalam Cosmological Argument Objections to the Somatic Approach (Personal Identity) Harrison Bergeron (Dramatic Reading) Illicit Major and Minor (Logical Fallacy) Epistemology (5 Minute Philosophical Positions) Life of the Indirect Skeptic Arrow’s Impossibility Theorem (The Problem of the Third Party) March 100 Days of Logic (Categorical Syllogisms) A Priori and A Posteriori Distinction (90 Second Philosophy) In Defense of the Gettier Problem (False Lemmas and Barn Facades) Paradox of the Preface Undistributed Middle (Logical Fallacy) Rules of Replacement Answers II 10 Perplexing Puzzle for the Master Modal Logician Free Will (4 Minute Philsophical Positions) Conversion (Categorical Logic) What is Metaphysics? (Definition) Pluralist Theories of Truth Reductio Ad Absurdum (Ninety Second Philosophy) Rule I (Categorical Syllogisms) Proving Invalidity (Predicate Calculus) Russell’s Theory of Definite Descriptions (Philosophy of Language) Three Major Philosophical Distinctions (90 Second Philosophy) Who Was David Hume? (Famous Philosophers) Confirmation Bias (The Skeptic and The Shrink) Final Thoughts on the Cosmological Argument Subalternation (Categorical Logic) Occam’s Razor (and why you should be skeptical of it) The Ethics of Belief (William Clifford) Implication (Propositional Logic) Three Months of Modal Logics Affirmative From Negative (Logical Fallacy) The Problem of Logical Omniscience (Bayesian Epistemology) William James vs Presuppositionalism The Evil Deceiver (Skeptical Scenarios) Final 10 Days of Logic (Predicate Calculus) The Man in the Yard Trolley Problem (90 Second Philosophy) In Defense of Skepticism Analytic and Synthetic Distinciton (90 Second Philosophy) The Problem with Proving God (Video 500) Formal and Informal Logic Russell’s Objection to the Cosmological Argument Are Our Theories Correct? (Transient Underdetermination) The Chinese Gym (Thought Experiment) Debunking the Modal Ontological Argument Six Ways from Sunday Rule V (Categorical Syllogisms) Kant’s Objection to the Cosmological Argument Zeno’s Paradox: Achilles and the Tortoise (90 Second Philosophy) We Don’t Know Yablo’s Paradox Propositional Logic Basics Figure 2 (Categorical Syllogism) Straw Man (Logical Fallacy) The Confirmation Fine Tuning Argument Conditional Proof (Part I)
