School of Life - Philosophy PHILOSOPHY – Sartre PHILOSOPHY – Aristotle PHILOSOPHY – Plato PHILOSOPHY – Nietzsche PHILOSOPHY – Epicurus PHILOSOPHY – The Stoics PHILOSOPHY – Heidegger PHILOSOPHY – La Rochefoucauld PHILOSOPHY – Augustine PHILOSOPHY – Ludwig Wittgenstein PHILOSOPHY – Soren Kierkegaard PHILOSOPHY – Baruch Spinoza PHILOSOPHY – Albert Camus PHILOSOPHY – Michel Foucault PHILOSOPHY – René Descartes PHILOSOPHY – Schopenhauer NIETZSCHE ON: The Superman SARTRE ON: Bad Faith PHILOSOPHY – Hegel PHILOSOPHY – Montaigne PHILOSOPHY: Immanuel Kant Burke on: The Sublime PLATO ON: The Forms PLATO ON: The Allegory of the Cave PHILOSOPHY – Thomas Aquinas Crash Course - Philosophy What is Philosophy?: Crash Course Philosophy #1 How to Argue – Philosophical Reasoning: Crash Course Philosophy #2 How to Argue – Induction & Abduction: Crash Course Philosophy #3 Leonardo DiCaprio & The Nature of Reality: Crash Course Philosophy #4 Cartesian Skepticism – Neo, Meet Rene: Crash Course Philosophy #5 Locke, Berkeley, & Empiricism: Crash Course Philosophy #6 The Meaning of Knowledge: Crash Course Philosophy #7 Karl Popper, Science, and Pseudoscience: Crash Course Philosophy #8 Anselm and the Argument for God: Crash Course Philosophy #9 Aquinas and the Cosmological Arguments: Crash Course Philosophy #10 Intelligent Design: Crash Course Philosophy #11 What is God Like?: Crash Course Philosophy #12 The Problem of Evil: Crash Course Philosophy #13 Anti-Vaxxers, Conspiracy Theories & Epistemic Responsibility: Crash Course Philosophy #14 Indiana Jones & Pascal’s Wager: Crash Course Philosophy #15 Existentialism: Crash Course Philosophy #16 Perspectives on Death: Crash Course Philosophy #17 Batman & Identity: Crash Course Philosophy #18 Personal Identity: Crash Course Philosophy #19 Arguments Against Personal Identity: Crash Course Philosophy #20 Personhood: Crash Course Philosophy #21 Where Does Your Mind Reside?: Crash Course Philosophy #22 Artificial Intelligence & Personhood: Crash Course Philosophy #23 Determinism vs Free Will: Crash Course Philosophy #24 Compatibilism: Crash Course Philosophy #25 Language & Meaning: Crash Course Philosophy #26 Netflix & Chill: Crash Course Philosophy #27 How Words Can Harm: Crash Course Philosophy #28 Nonexistent Objects & Imaginary Worlds: Crash Course Philosophy #29 Aesthetic Appreciation: Crash Course Philosophy #30 Aesthetics: Crash Course Philosophy #31 Metaethics: Crash Course Philosophy #32 Divine Command Theory: Crash Course Philosophy #33 Natural Law Theory: Crash Course Philosophy #34 Kant & Categorical Imperatives: Crash Course Philosophy #35 Utilitarianism: Crash Course Philosophy #36 Contractarianism: Crash Course Philosophy #37 Aristotle & Virtue Theory: Crash Course Philosophy #38 Leonardo DiCaprio & The Nature of Reality: Crash Course Philosophy #4 Cartesian Skepticism – Neo, Meet Rene: Crash Course Philosophy #5 Aquinas and the Cosmological Arguments: Crash Course Philosophy #10 Cartesian Skepticism – Neo, Meet Rene: Crash Course Philosophy #5 Wisecrack What is Real? (Plato’s Allegory of the Cave) – 8-Bit Philosophy Why Do We ❤️ SERIAL KILLERS!? – 8-Bit Philosophy Is It WRONG If You Don’t Vote? (Trump vs. Hillary) – 8-Bit Philosophy Does Political Correctness WORK? – 8-Bit Philosophy Will Drugs Make You Super-Human? (Adderall, Ritalin & More) – 8-Bit Philosophy Is Trump REALLY a Fascist? – 8-Bit Philosophy Is Tinder KILLING Love? – 8-Bit Philosophy Will Candy Crush Set You Free? – 8-Bit Philosophy PLATO ON: The Allegory of the Cave Is Trump the END of Politics? – 8-Bit Philosophy Why Do We Get F#*&% Up? – 8-Bit Philosophy Should Animals Have Human Rights? (Pokémon + Speciesism) – 8-Bit Philosophy Why Shouldn’t We Commit Suicide? (Donkey Kong & The Myth of Sisyphus) – 8-Bit Philosophy Do We Enjoy Being Free? (Final Fantasy + Sartre) – 8-Bit Philosophy Will History END? – 8-Bit Philosophy What is Real? (Plato’s Allegory of the Cave) – 8-Bit Philosophy Is Gender REAL? – 8-Bit Philosophy Is Kanye West Even Human? – 8-Bit Philosophy Is Batman JUST? – 8-Bit Philosophy Who Was Machiavelli? (The Prince) – 8-Bit Philosophy Does Christianity Make Us Weak? (Nietzsche) – 8-Bit Philosophy Who Was Socrates? – 8-Bit Philosophy Can We Be Certain of Anything? (Descartes) – 8-Bit Philosophy Does Privilege Matter? – 8-Bit Philosophy Does Rationality Give Life Meaning? (Kierkegaard) – 8-Bit Philosophy Can We Trust the Media? (Baudrillard) – 8-Bit Philosophy Do Humans Operate Like Computers? (Kant) – 8-Bit Philosophy Is Technology Dangerous? (Star Wars + Heidegger) – 8-Bit Philosophy Why Do We Take Selfies? (Michel Foucault) – 8-Bit Philosophy Is Boredom Worse Than Death? (Kierkegaard) – 8-Bit Philosophy What is Marxism? (Karl Marx + Super Mario Bros.) – 8-Bit Philosophy What Is Evil? – 8-Bit Philosophy Why Do Haters Hate? – 8-Bit Philosophy Do We Crave Fascism? (Freud & Psychoanalysis) – 8-Bit Philosophy Get Away With Anything? (Plato + Zelda) – 8-Bit Philosophy Does SCIENCE = TRUTH? (Nietzsche + Mega Man) – 8-Bit Philosophy Is God Useful? – 8-Bit Philosophy Does Money Own You? – 8-Bit Philosophy Is Capitalism Bad For You? – 8-Bit Philosophy Do We Need Government? (The Social Contract) – 8-Bit Philosophy Are Your Actions GOOD? (Kant vs. Mill) – 8-Bit Philosophy Are Drugs GOOD For You? (Kirby + Aldous Huxley) – 8-Bit Philosophy Are You Authentic? (Heidegger + River City Ransom) – 8-Bit Philosophy Is The American Dream B.S.? – 8-Bit Philosophy What is Woman? (de Beauvoir + Metroid) – 8-Bit Philosophy Is A Cat A Cat? (Derrida + Double Dragon) – 8-Bit Philosophy Time is a Flat Circle? (Nietzsche + Mega Man) – 8-Bit Philosophy Is Change Impossible? – 8-Bit Philosophy Carneades of Cyrene - Philosophy Amphiboly (Logical Fallacy) Is Science Rational? The Problem of Logical Omniscience (Bayesian Epistemology) Ninety Second Philosophy: Deductive vs Inductive Arguments Memorializing the Modal Perfection Argument Personal Indentity (The Persistence Question) Carneades of Cyrene (Enslaver of Souls, Destroyer of Gods, and Last Great Scholarch of the Academy) Alethic Modal Logic vs Modal Logics Conceptual Ontological Argument Fallacy of Accident Bayes’ Theorem and the Monty Hall Fallacy The Chinese Gym (Thought Experiment) Modal Perfection Argument (Proof) What is Monism? (Existence vs Priority Monism) Figure 2 (Categorical Syllogism) Change of Quantifier (Predicate Calculus) The Principle of Charity (Ninety Second Philosophy) What is Metaphysics? (Definition) Are Theories Falsifiable? (Holistic Underdetermination) The Multiverse Objection (to the Cosmic Fine Tuning Argument) Pragmatism (William James and Charles Sanders Peirce) Generalization and Instantiation (Predicate Calculus) Varieties of Voting Systems Objections to the Watch Argument (Deductive Teleological Arguments) Skeptical Scenarios (Ninety Second Philosophy) Existential Fallacy (Aristotle) Exportation (Propositional Logic) Aristotle Venn Diagrams I What is Egoism? (Philosophical Positions) The Puzzle of Negative Existentials (Philosophy of Language) Rule V (Categorical Syllogisms) The Free Will Defense Exclusive Premises (Logical Fallacy) Undistributed Middle (Logical Fallacy) Figure 3 (Categorical Syllogism) The Duplication Argument Against Evolution Curry’s Paradox Universal Particular Affirmative Negative How to Climb the Social Ladder in Lem (Knights and Knaves) Associativity (Propositional Logic) The Partial Free Will Argument (Response to the Free Will Defense) People Seeds (Abortion Thought Experiment) Boole vs Aristotle (Categorical Logic) What is Temporal Logic? Occam’s Razor (and why you should be skeptical of it) Who Was Friedrich Nietzsche? (Famous Philosophers) Pyrrho vs Presuppositionalism Necessary and Sufficient Conditions Why Cosmology Is Not Science We Don’t Know Affirmative From Negative (Logical Fallacy) Final Logic Problems (Beginner Answers) Pluralist Theories of Truth False Dichotomy (Logical Fallacy) Major, Minor, and Middle Term Science, History, and Puzzles Who Was Rene Descartes? (Famous Philosophers) Cantor’s Paradox Agrippa vs Presuppositionalism The Free Will Dilemma Russell’s Objection to the Cosmological Argument Relations and Overlapping Quantifiers The Confirmation Fine Tuning Argument Conditional and Indirect Proof (Predicate Calculus) Conditional Proof (Part II) Munchhausen’s Trilemma Objections to the Beginning of the Universe (Kalam Cosmological Argument) What Is Stoicism? (Philosophical Position) The Paradox of Kant’s Law (Ought Implies Can) What If You Were Dreaming? (Ninety Second Philosophy) Illicit Conversion (Categorical Logic Fallacy) Analytic and Synthetic Distinciton (90 Second Philosophy) Science vs Philosophy of Science (Distinction) Entailment (Bayesian Epistemology) Appeal to Ignorance (Logical Fallacy) The Deflationary Theory of Truth Four Famous Puzzles in the Philosophy of Language Contradictory and Undetermined Material Equivalence The Turing Test (Thought Experiment) Type vs Token Distinction Disjunction (Propositional Logic) The Life As We Know It Objection (Cosmic Fine Tuning) Conjunction (Rules of Implication) Put your Beliefs to the Test at Carneades.org Ad Hominem (Logical Fallacy) Laws of Probability (Basics) Straw Man (Logical Fallacy) Three Major Philosophical Distinctions (90 Second Philosophy) The Indefinability of Truth (Tarski’s Theorem) Boolean Venn Diagrams I A Theory is Just a Theory (Underdetermination in Scientific Theory) You Can’t Handle The Truth! Indirect Proof Answers What is Peano Arithmetic? Indirect Skepticism Addition (Rules of Implication) The Paradox of the Barber Analytic vs Continental Philosophy (Distinction) Truth Tables The Boolean Liar Paradox Doubting “I Think Therefore I Am” (The Cogito) De Morgan’s Rule (Part I) Rules of Replacement Answers II Response to Swinburne’s Objection Thought Experiments in Artificial Intelligence Weak Analogy (Logical Fallacy) Valid (Propositional Logic) Boolean Venn Diagrams II Propositional Logic Basics Kant’s Objection to the Cosmological Argument The Cogito (Meditation I) Ninety Second Philosophy: Arguments The Violinist (Abortion Thought Experiment) Defending the Liar (Use and Mention with Frank Dunleavy) The Evil Deceiver (Skeptical Scenarios) Modus Ponens Distribution (Propositional Logic) Objections to Personal Explanation (The Kalam Cosmological Argument) Epistemology (5 Minute Philosophical Positions) Compound Propositions Answers What is Ontology? (Definition) The Ancient Liar Paradox Hume’s Objections to the Teleological Argument Harrison Bergeron (Dramatic Reading) Inconsistent (Propositional Logic) Linear Temporal Logic (Lt) Necessary and Contingent Distinction (90 Second Philosophy) The Correspondence Theory of Truth Dutch Book Arguments (Bayesian Epistemology) 10 Perplexing Puzzle for the Master Modal Logician Fitch’s Paradox of Knowability The Beautiful and The Sublime (Aesthetics) Modal Logic (Basics) The Lottery Paradox Do Mistakes in Scripture Imply Atheism? Rationalism vs Empiricism The Paradox of Theseus’s Ship (90 Second Philosophy) Bayesian Epistemology Major and Minor Premises (Categorical Logic) The Dunning-Kruger Effect Denying the Antecedent Direct vs Indirect Realism (Philosophy of Perception) Red Herring (Logical Fallacy) The Liar’s Revenge Paradox Identity (Predicate Calculus) Teleological Arguments From Analogy Objections to Pascal’s Wager The Decision Paradox The Expanding Child (Abortion Thought Experiment) Omnipotence (12 Days of Theology) Zeno’s Paradox: Achilles and the Tortoise (90 Second Philosophy) Traditional Square of Opposition Doubting Math (Russell’s Paradox) Uninteresting Number Paradox Objective vs Subjective (Philosophical Distinction) Paradoxes of Heaps and Sets Hume’s Objections to the Cosmological Argument What is Scientific Realism? Objections to the Conceptual Ontological Argument Jus in Bello (Just War Theory) What is Epistemic Logic? The Illusion of Control (The Skeptic and The Shrink) What is Doxastic Voluntarism? (Definition) Negation (Propositional Logic) Implication (Propositional Logic) The Problem with Proving God (Video 500) Presuppositionalism Rules of Implication Answers I (100 Days of Logic) The New Riddle of Induction Appeal to Unqualified Authority (Logical Fallacy) The Matrix (Skeptical Scenarios) Philosophical Zombies (Thought Experiment) Semantically De Re and De Dicto Contradictory (Propositional Logic) Modal Ontological Argument Conversion (Categorical Logic) Swinburne’s Objection (To The New Riddle of Induction) The Knower Paradox Rule III (Categorical Syllogisms) Berry’s Paradox The Paradox of the Heap (90 Second Philosophy) St. Thomas Aquinas’s Cosmological Argument What the Tortoise said to Achilles (Explanation) God is the Good (William Lane Craig and the Euthyphro Dilemma) The Man in the Yard Trolley Problem (90 Second Philosophy) The Unreality Of Time (McTaggart’s Argument) In Defense of the Gettier Problem (False Lemmas and Barn Facades) What is Logic? (Philosophical Definition) Optimism Bias (The Skeptic and the Shrink) Reductio Ad Absurdum (Ninety Second Philosophy) Yablo’s Paradox Are Our Theories Correct? (Transient Underdetermination) Jeffrey Conditionalization (The Problem of Uncertain Evidence) Iterated Prisoner’s Dilemma (90 Second Philosophy) The Modern Liar Paradox Double Negation (Propositional Logic) The Problem of Evil Who Was Mary Wollstonecraft? (Famous Philosophers) The Watch Argument (Deductive Teleological Arguments) Objections to the Principle of Causality (Kalam Cosmological Argument) Existential Fallacy (Boole) Faith and Violence (Irrational Disagreements) What is Functionalism? (Philosophy of Mind) The Bald King of France (Philosophy of Language) Suppressed Evidence (Logical Fallacy) Categorical Logic Russell vs Presuppositionalism The Horned Man Paradox Rule IV (Categorical Syllogisms) The Loop Trolley Problem (90 Second Philosophy) An Intergalactic Obliteration of the Cosmic Fine Tuning Argument The Prisoner’s Dilemma (90 Second Philosophy) Kalam Cosmological Argument Three Months of Modal Logics The Problem of The Priors (Bayesian Epistemology) The A Series vs The B Series (Unreality of Time) What are Qualia? (Philosophical Definitions) What is Philosophical Anarchism? (The Puzzle of Authority) Simplification (Rules of Implication) The Fat Villain Trolley Problem (90 Second Philosophy) The Four Paradoxes of Eubulides Arrow’s Impossibility Theorem (The Problem of the Third Party) Meno’s Paradox Symbols and Terms (Predicate Calculus) The Interval Model of Time (Temporal Logic) March 100 Days of Logic (Categorical Syllogisms) The Afterlife (Four Minute Philosophical Positions) Alfred Tarski’s Convention T (Theories of Truth) A Dream within a Dream (Dramatic Reading) Mary the Color Scientist (The Knowledge Argument) The Grandfather Paradox (90 Second Philosophy) The Brain Simulator (Thought Experiment) Paradox of the Preface False Cause (Logical Fallacy) Realist Nights (A Musical Critique of Scientific Realism) Syntax vs Semantics (Philosophical Distinctions) The Puzzle of Propositional Attitude Reports (Philosophy of Language) Appeal to Force (Logical Fallacy) Complex Question (Logical Fallacy) Categorical Syllogisms The Problem of the Criterion Objections to Inspiring Philosophy’s Ontological Argument What is a Theodicy? (Augustinian and Irenaean) Final 10 Days of Logic (Predicate Calculus) Meinong’s Jungle (Theory of Objects) The Chinese Room (Thought Experiment) Are Reason and Faith Contradictory? General Paradoxes (Answers) Russell’s Theory of Definite Descriptions (Philosophy of Language) The Skeptic and the Shrink (A Psychologist’s Case for Skepticism) Objections to the Definitional Ontological Argument The Cyclical Liar Paradox Objections to Bayesian Epistemology Rule I (Categorical Syllogisms) Confirmation and Disconfirmation (Bayesian Epistemology) Grelling’s Paradox The Raven Paradox (Carl Hempel and the Paradox of Confirmation) Do Third Parties Destroy Democracy? William James vs Presuppositionalism Variations of Bayesianism Objections to the Somatic Approach (Personal Identity) What is a Formal Language? Twin Earth (Thought Experiment) Rules of Replacement Answers I Figure 1 Conditionally Valid Bayesian Dogmatism The Duplication Argument (Ninety Second Philosophy) Antinomies (Impossible Paradoxes) Higher Order Ontological Argument Commutativity (Propositional Logic) Formal and Informal Logic The Borda Count (Voting Theory) Brain in a Vat (Ninety Second Philosophy) Debunking the Modal Ontological Argument Six Ways from Sunday The Ethics of Belief (William Clifford) The City of Lem (Knights and Knaves) The Unintentional Liar Paradox Godel’s Incompleteness Theorem (Doubting Math) What is Vacuous Truth? Modally De Re and De Dicto (90 Second Philosophy) Free Will (4 Minute Philsophical Positions) Doxastic and Epistemic Semantics (J. Hintikka) Time Without Change (Thought Experiment) The New Paradox of Dogmatism (Bayesian Epistemology) Moore’s Paradox First Past The Post (Voting System) One Hundred Days of Logic The Deontic Trifold Classification Three Major Distinctions Final (90 Second Philosophy) Hypothetical vs Categorical Good (Philosophical Distinctions) Modus Tollens The Plank of Carneades (Thought Experiment) Final Logic Problems (100 Days of Logic) Frege’s Puzzle (Philosophy of Language) Who Was David Hume? (Famous Philosophers) Belief and Knowledge Notation (Epistemic Logic) Abduction (Inference to the Best Explanation) Equivocation (Logical Fallacy) The Trolley Problem (90 Second Philosophy) Carneades.org Channel Guide Tautology Begging the Question (Logical Fallacy) Pascal’s Wager Ninety Second Philosophy: Valid and Sound Paradoxes of Penzance (Veridical Paradoxes) Teleological Arguments for the Existence of God Cosmic Fine Tuning and the Monty Hall Fallacy The Paradox of The Hooded Man Who Was Immanuel Kant? (Famous Philosophers) In Defense of Skepticism Life of the Indirect Skeptic Fallacy of Composition What is a Gödel Number? (Arithmatization) The Fat Man Trolley Problem (90 Second Philosophy) Pyrrho and the Academics (Types of Skepticism) What is the Paradox of Voting? (Downs’ Paradox) What is Philosophy? (Philosophical Definitions) Ethics vs Morality (Philosophical Distinctions) Using Science Without Belief (a case for Instrumentalism) Conjunction (Propositional Logic) Psychological Approach to Personal Identity Properties of Relations The Month of Paradox Omniscience (The 12 Days of Theology) The Presumption of Atheism (Antony Flew) The Surprise Test Paradox The Unexpected Hanging Paradox (90 Second Philosophy) Disjunctive Syllogism Rules of Implication Answers II The Cosmic Fine Tuning Argument Figure 1 (Categorical Syllogisms) Final Objections to Inspiring Philosophy’s MOA A Priori and A Posteriori Distinction (90 Second Philosophy) The Experience Machine (Ninety Second Philosophy) Subalternation (Categorical Logic) The Paradox of Buridan’s Ass Final Thoughts on the Cosmological Argument Syntactically De Re and De Dicto (90 Second Philosophy) Answering Objections to Skepticism What is Wisdom? (Philosophical Definitions)
